AP Biology

Course Features
Course Details
Course Overview
Acellus AP Biology is a rigorous, college-level course designed for high school students preparing for the AP Biology exam and future STEM studies. Structured around the College Board’s four Big Ideas—Evolution, Energetics, Information Storage and Transmission, and Systems Interactions—and the six Science Practices, the course develops deep conceptual understanding and scientific reasoning skills. Through focused video lessons, virtual labs, data analysis activities, and real-world applications, students explore the molecular foundations of life, cellular processes, genetics, evolution, and ecological systems. The curriculum emphasizes evidence-based argumentation, experimental design, and the interpretation of biological data, equipping students to explain natural phenomena, evaluate scientific claims, and succeed on the AP Biology exam.
Sample Lesson - Introduction
This course was developed by the International Academy of Science.
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Scope and Sequence
Unit 1: Introduction to AP Biology Students are oriented to the structure of the AP Biology course and exam while being introduced to the four Big Ideas and six Science Practices that form the framework of the discipline. They learn how to explain biological concepts with evidence, analyze visual representations, design investigations, interpret data, and construct scientific arguments, building the foundational skills needed for success throughout the course.
Unit 2: Chemistry of Life This unit examines the molecular building blocks of living systems. Students investigate the unique properties of water, the roles of essential elements, and the structure-function relationships of carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Emphasis is placed on enzyme catalysis, factors affecting enzyme activity, ATP as the cellular energy currency, and how molecular structure influences organismal fitness, with connections to nutrition and real-world applications.
Unit 3: Cells Students explore cell structure and function across prokaryotic and eukaryotic systems. They analyze organelles, surface area-to-volume constraints, membrane structure and selective permeability, passive and active transport mechanisms, and tonicity. The unit also covers the evolutionary advantages of compartmentalization and the evidence supporting the endosymbiotic origin of mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Unit 4: Cellular Energetics Focusing on how cells capture, transform, and use energy, students study enzyme kinetics, the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, the stages of cellular respiration, fermentation, and metabolic regulation through feedback mechanisms. Variations in photosynthetic pathways and the connection between energy flow and ecosystem processes are also examined.
Unit 5: Cell Communication and the Cell Cycle Students investigate how cells receive, process, and respond to signals through signal transduction pathways, including receptor binding, amplification, and feedback loops. They examine the stages and regulation of the cell cycle, the role of checkpoints, and the consequences of unregulated division, linking communication systems to growth, development, and disease.
Unit 6: Heredity This unit covers the transmission of genetic information through meiosis, Mendelian and non-Mendelian inheritance patterns, sex-linked traits, polygenic inheritance, and the influence of the environment on phenotype. Students analyze pedigrees, calculate recombination frequencies, explore chromosomal and non-nuclear inheritance, and apply these concepts to human genetic disorders.
Unit 7: Gene Expression and Regulation Students delve into the molecular mechanisms of gene expression, including DNA and RNA structure, replication, transcription, RNA processing, and translation. They examine prokaryotic and eukaryotic regulation, the effects of mutations, epigenetic modifications, and modern biotechnology tools such as PCR and CRISPR, connecting gene regulation to development and genetic engineering applications.
Unit 8: Natural Selection Centered on evolutionary processes, students study natural and artificial selection, changes in allele frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and multiple lines of evidence for the theory of evolution, including fossils, molecular data, and morphological homologies. The unit also addresses phylogeny, speciation, extinction, ongoing evolutionary change, and hypotheses about the origins of life.
Unit 9: Ecology Students analyze how organisms interact with their environment and with one another. Topics include behavioral and physiological responses to stimuli, energy flow through trophic levels, population growth models and density-dependent effects, community interactions, biodiversity measurement, biogeochemical cycles, and the impact of human activities and climate change on ecosystems.
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